Research Catalog

Details

Additional authors

1. Patterson, William L. (William Lorenzo), 1890-1980.
2. Barsky, Edward K., 1895-1975.
3. Dombrowski, James A. (James Anderson), 1897-1983.
4. Eisler, Gerhart.
5. Boas, Franz, 1858-1942.
6. Knox, Owen A.
7. Yergan, Max, 1892-1975.
8. Hammett, Dashiell, 1894-1961.
9. La Follette, Robert M., Jr. (Robert Marion), 1895-1953.
10. Lamont, Corliss, 1902-1995.
11. Burnham, Louis E.
12. Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.
13. United States. Congress. House. Special Committee on Un-American Activities (1938-1944)
14. United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.
15. United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.
16. United States. Committee on Fair Employment Practice.
17. Civil Rights Congress (U.S.)
18. American Civil Liberties Union.
19. Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee.
20. International Labor Defense.
21. Council on African Affairs.
22. Robert Marshall Foundation.
23. National Federation for Constitutional Liberties.
24. American League for Peace and Democracy.
25. Contributors' Information Service (New York, N.Y.)
26. National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners.
27. Southern Negro Youth Congress.
28. National Farmers' Union (U.S.)
29. Southern School for Workers (Richmond, Va.)
30. Citizens Emergency Conference for Interracial Unity (1943 : New York, N.Y.)

Description

1. 13.5 lin. ft. (36 boxes)

Summary

1. The collection documents George Marshall's involvement in the 1940s with civil rights issues, his legal defense for a contempt citation from the House Un-American Activities Committee, and his management of the Robert Marshall Foundation's grant-making program. Samplings of his correspondence and writings during that period are grouped under Personal papers. His Contempt of Congress files constitute a densely documented archive on the use of subpoena power and contempt citations, and on legal and political opposition to the House Committee on Un-American Activities. His National Federation for Constitutional Liberties files are organized into 13 subseries: Administrative; Action Letters; Conferences and Testimonial Dinners; Activities, including an emergency campaign, The Menace of the F.B.I.," chaired by Franz Boas (1940), and a campaign in favor of federal legislation for a voting program for absentee soldiers; Fair Employment Practice Committee; Labor; Poll Tax; Legal Cases; Discrimination; Anti-Semitism; HUAC, which subdivides into Dies Committee and Rankin Committee files, Correspondence and Printed Matter; and Publications.
2. Marshall's Civil Rights Congress and CRC Bail Fund files comprise the following subseries: Administrative, Conferences, Legal Cases, Subject Files and Printed Matter. Outstanding case files include the Columbia, Tennessee Riot of 1946, the German Communist Gerhart Eisler, Willie McGee, the Martinsville 7 and the Trenton Six. Other organizations in the collection include the International Labor Defense Fund; the American League for Peace and Democracy; the American Committee for Democracy and Intellectual Freedom, chaired by Franz Boas; the National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners; the Contributors' Information Service founded by Corliss Lamont, and the Council on African Affairs. Correspondents include Joseph Gelders, Dashiell Hammett, Max Yergan, Charles Lafollette and Louis Burnham.
3. The Robert Marshall Foundation awarded grants to trade-unions and labor advocacy groups, progressive research groups and schools, alternative newspapers and civil rights organizations. Its files consist for the most part of correspondence between George Marshall and the funded groups, grant proposals and grant tracking sheets, activity reports, and general information about the organizations involved.

Subject

1. Labor movement > United States
2. Labor > United States
3. United States > Race relations
4. Communist Party of the United States of America
5. Freedom of speech > United States
6. Buckhannon, Samuel
7. Lynching > United States
8. Gelders, Joseph, 1891-1950
9. Mexican American youth > California > Los Angeles
10. McGee, Willie, 1915-1951
11. Riots > New York (State) > Peekskill
12. Academic freedom > United States
13. Discrimination > United States
14. United States > Congress > House > Committee on Un-American Activities
15. Civil Rights Congress (U.S.)
16. National Federation for Constitutional Liberties
17. Bridges, Harry, 1901-
18. Antisemitism > United States
19. Suffrage > United States
20. Rankin, John E (John Elliott), 1882-1960
21. Discrimination in employment > United States
22. Dies, Martin, 1900-1972
23. Intellectual freedom
24. Loyalty oaths > United States
25. Eisler, Gerhart
26. Civil rights > United States > Societies, etc
27. African Americans > Segregation
28. Trenton Six Trial, Trenton, N.J., 1948-1951
29. Black author
30. United States > Politics and government > 1945-1953
31. Civil rights movements > United States
32. Sleepy Lagoon Trial, Los Angeles, Calif., 1942-1943
33. Marshall, George, 1904-2000
34. United States > Social conditions > 1933-1945
35. Anti-fascist movements > United States
36. Riots > Michigan > Detroit
37. Mooney, Thomas J., 1882-1942
38. African Americans > Michigan > Detroit
39. Riots > New York (State) > New York
40. Yergan, Max, 1892-1975
41. Contempt of legislative bodies > United States
42. Trials (Contempt of legislative bodies) > United States
43. United States > Social conditions > 1945-
44. Trials > New Jersey > Trenton
45. Trials (Political crimes and offenses) > United States

Call number

1. Sc MG 541

Source (note)

1. George Marshall and Nancy Marshall Schultz

Biography (note)

1. George Marshall was a leading advocate for the abolition of the Un-American Activities Committee of the United States House of Representatives (HUAC), a noted conservationist, and a pioneer in the U.S. civil rights movement. He chaired the National Federation for Constitutional Liberties (NFCL) between 1941 and 1946 and its successor organization, the Civil Rights Congress, between 1946 and 1950. He was also a trustee and the manager of the Robert Marshall Foundation. He was cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to turn over lists of NFCL contributors to HUAC and served three months in jail in 1950. He died in 2000.
2. The National Federation for Constitutional Liberties was founded at a national conference on civil liberties held in Washington, D.C. in June 1940. Its mission was to coordinate the activities of its member organizations toward the realization of greater democratic freedoms. Under Marshall's stewardship, it supported vigorous prosecution of the war effort and made the fight against "native seditionists" and their supporters in Congress one of its chief concerns. It also led numerous anti-lynching, anti-poll tax and anti-discrimination in employment legislative campaigns. Its legal work through hired attorneys and public opinion campaigns encompassed the defense of Communist leaders Harry Bridges and Earl Browder, and victims of Jim Crow justice Samuel Buckhannon and Willie McGee. Its labor advocacy included protection of the Wagner Act against encroachments from anti-New Deal legislative proposals, and the defense of government employees labeled as subversive by the Kerr Committee.
3. NFCL merged with the International Labor Defense in 1946 to form the Civil Rights Congress. The Congress continued the Federation's fight against discrimination, and organized the legal defense of victims of Jim Crow justice and advocates of radical causes. It also inherited the enmity of the Wood-Rankin Committee in Congress which labeled it a "Communist front." Marshall was elected CRC chairman at CRC's founding conference in 1946. He was active in the McGee case and in the campaign to save the Trenton Six. William Patterson, CRC National Secretary, called him "one of the outstanding leaders in the fight against Jim Crow." Marshall was also Secretary of the CRC Bail Fund, established in 1946 as a separate body with five trustees responsible for its operation. He resigned from the Bail Fund in September 1949 and from the Civil Rights Congress in June 1950.

Author

1. Marshall, George, 1904-2000.

Title

1. George Marshall papers, 1933-1955.

Biography

1. George Marshall was a leading advocate for the abolition of the Un-American Activities Committee of the United States House of Representatives (HUAC), a noted conservationist, and a pioneer in the U.S. civil rights movement. He chaired the National Federation for Constitutional Liberties (NFCL) between 1941 and 1946 and its successor organization, the Civil Rights Congress, between 1946 and 1950. He was also a trustee and the manager of the Robert Marshall Foundation. He was cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to turn over lists of NFCL contributors to HUAC and served three months in jail in 1950. He died in 2000.
2. The National Federation for Constitutional Liberties was founded at a national conference on civil liberties held in Washington, D.C. in June 1940. Its mission was to coordinate the activities of its member organizations toward the realization of greater democratic freedoms. Under Marshall's stewardship, it supported vigorous prosecution of the war effort and made the fight against "native seditionists" and their supporters in Congress one of its chief concerns. It also led numerous anti-lynching, anti-poll tax and anti-discrimination in employment legislative campaigns. Its legal work through hired attorneys and public opinion campaigns encompassed the defense of Communist leaders Harry Bridges and Earl Browder, and victims of Jim Crow justice Samuel Buckhannon and Willie McGee. Its labor advocacy included protection of the Wagner Act against encroachments from anti-New Deal legislative proposals, and the defense of government employees labeled as subversive by the Kerr Committee.
3. NFCL merged with the International Labor Defense in 1946 to form the Civil Rights Congress. The Congress continued the Federation's fight against discrimination, and organized the legal defense of victims of Jim Crow justice and advocates of radical causes. It also inherited the enmity of the Wood-Rankin Committee in Congress which labeled it a "Communist front." Marshall was elected CRC chairman at CRC's founding conference in 1946. He was active in the McGee case and in the campaign to save the Trenton Six. William Patterson, CRC National Secretary, called him "one of the outstanding leaders in the fight against Jim Crow." Marshall was also Secretary of the CRC Bail Fund, established in 1946 as a separate body with five trustees responsible for its operation. He resigned from the Bail Fund in September 1949 and from the Civil Rights Congress in June 1950.

Connect to:

1. Finding aid

Local subject

1. Black author.

Added author

1. Patterson, William L. (William Lorenzo), 1890-1980.
2. Barsky, Edward K., 1895-1975.
3. Dombrowski, James A. (James Anderson), 1897-1983.
4. Eisler, Gerhart.
5. Boas, Franz, 1858-1942.
6. Knox, Owen A.
7. Yergan, Max, 1892-1975.
8. Hammett, Dashiell, 1894-1961.
9. La Follette, Robert M., Jr. (Robert Marion), 1895-1953.
10. Lamont, Corliss, 1902-1995.
11. Burnham, Louis E.
12. Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976.
13. United States. Congress. House. Special Committee on Un-American Activities (1938-1944)
14. United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.
15. United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.
16. United States. Committee on Fair Employment Practice.
17. Civil Rights Congress (U.S.)
18. American Civil Liberties Union.
19. Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee.
20. International Labor Defense.
21. Council on African Affairs.
22. Robert Marshall Foundation.
23. National Federation for Constitutional Liberties.
24. American League for Peace and Democracy.
25. Contributors' Information Service (New York, N.Y.)
26. National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners.
27. Southern Negro Youth Congress.
28. National Farmers' Union (U.S.)
29. Southern School for Workers (Richmond, Va.)
30. Citizens Emergency Conference for Interracial Unity (1943 : New York, N.Y.)

Research call number

1. Sc MG 541